Abstract
Athletes are physically the most efficient members of our society with a unique lifestyle who are seemingly invulnerable and their unexpected death during training or competition draws high public attention. The most frequent cause of death in young athletes is the sudden cardiac death (SCD). The sudden cardiac death is defined as an event that is unexpected, and resulting from sudden cardiac arrest. In fact, syncope due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias during one hour is acute symptom in young athletes with or without heart disease. The aim of this study was to determine and describe the possible underlying causes of sudden cardiac death in athletes and to recommend the strategies to prevent SCD. More than 20 different causes of SCD in athletes have been described, but most cases result from a few distinct entities. The vast majority of sudden cardiac death in young athletes is due to congenital cardiac malformations such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and various coronary artery anomalies. In athletes over the age of 35, the usual cause of sudden cardiac death is coronary artery disease. Although there is no possibility to decrease the risk of SCD on zero especially in sport competitions, existence of clear recommendations for cardiovascular evaluation before athletic participation and side effect of sports activity, would minimize the frequency of SCD. Individuals with symptoms suggestive of cardiovascular disease should undergo thorough evaluation of risk of SCD according to permanent physical activity and sport competitive activity. Early identification of all causes of SCD in young athletes should help to prevent death by allowing the recommendation of abstinence from vigorous exercise and, if appropriate, initiation of medical therapy.

 Abstract
The aim of this research was, within the scope of training with appliance of additional inertial load, to generate changes in motor performance of maximal running velocity as well as to confirm in observed variables adaptive processes for which it is supposed that they significantly influence on maximal running velocity. The experiment with parallel groups was realized whereby the acting of experimental factor (inertial load) was in two levels. The first, control group K realized the designed sprint training freely, in other words it did not apply additional load. The second, experimental group E-R ran with load fasten on their hands, and the third experimental group E-N with the load on their legs. The research contains initial and final measurement variables of acceleration and maximal running velocity (VTF1 i VTF2) in running at maximal sprint of 50m. Also, variables force and normalized force were observed -coefficient force extensor in knee-joint (k-EKOL), coefficient of heels force-(k-PFST), level of force extensor in knee-joint reached in 100 milliseconds (F100ms- EKOL), level force of flexors reached in 100ms (F100ms-PFST), extensors in knee-joint (EKOL/r), heels flexors (PFST/r). The applied training treatment is on the level of statistical significance(p<0.05), influenced on force development of applicant, because small load was applied with maximal velocity performance. It came to significant change in level of velocity of force development variables extensor of knee (k-EKOL) and heels flexors (F100msPFST) within the group with load on legs E-N and control group K. Simultaneously, in each group is significantly enlarged force of extensors and flexors. Velocity of running increased with E-R in the phase of acceleration. Due to connection of maximal running velocity and force variables through force influence, it can be possible to influence on maximal running velocity. Using experimental factor in training for force development with small loads and maximal running velocity, increased the level of force and the result of such work is increased force in areas of lower loads during higher velocity performance. The variables of muscle force can be seen as a predictor when maximal running velocity is in question since there is connection with running velocity. The domination of maximal force variables in phase of acceleration is shown, while the influence of velocity of force development variables (RFD) remains disputable in maximal running velocity phase.

 Abstract
According to the content and problems of the research, this paper belongs to history of sport. It represents not only an aspiration to enrich history of sport through scientific-technical analysis of the role of a phenomenon of gymnasium for sports competition, but also the arousing of the research potential through new knowledge about sense of life of a young athlete in that space, reflection and studying of the significance of an ancient gymnasium for performance in the festivity games at Olympia. Ancient Greece gymnasiums had educational and cultural character. The existence of training space led to creation of conditions for appearance of the first founders of the sports science, who by their mediations, realizations and observations, were inspiring for all those who wanted to expand knowledge and transfer it to the others. Although, historians accurately described lives of ancient Greeks and their progressive cultural life, there are still things not enough described from the area related to actuality of the phenomenon of gymnasium in preparation of the young for competition in the Ancient Olympic Games.

 Abstract
This research was directed at study of relationships between cohesion in sports teams of competitive levels and various types and forms of efficacy beliefs. It was performed in nine male handball clubs at three competitive levels. The sample includes 151 athletes. For assessment of cohesion, the questionnaire for cohesion examination of Carron et al. (Group Environment Questionnaire GЕQ) was used. For assessment of self-efficacy beliefs we applied Vealey instrument (TSCI – Trait Sport Confidence Inventory) which examines specific confidence in personal efficacy of an athlete during a competition. For the purposes of this research, the items of the original instrument of efficacy were adapted in another three forms (three scales) of analogous questions, for assessment of collective efficacy, presumption of the athletes on coach's confidence in their self efficacy and presumptions of athletes on the whole team efficacy. The principal research results demonstrated that: athletes of all three competitive levels show tendency to assess above average to high expression of all cohesion dimensions; the only statistically significant difference in cohesion between competition levels was obtained on the dimension of group integration - task between super and the second competition league. Two sets of variables (cohesion and efficacy) can be linked in two statistically significant ways, but only the first way of connection has some practical significance. All cohesion dimensions are positively correlated to efficacy beliefs: task-related dimensions display very high correlation while social-related dimensions display average intensity correlation. The set of efficacy beliefs variables, collective efficacy shows high correlation with cohesion dimensions. The athletes' assumptions on coach's confidence in their self efficacy and in team efficacy display average correlation with cohesion dimensions.

 Abstract
In this study were investigated cognitive abilities of the best junior basketball players of Serbia. The research was making on the sample of 80 junior basketball players 17 and 18 years old. They are distributing in three groups on the base of independent expert's mark of player's success (from 1 to 10). Cognitive abilities of each player were estimated by 5 tests: D48 (test of general intelligence), S1 (test of visual spacialisation), P1, F1 and F2 (tests of perceptive factor of cognitive abilities). Values of the group's centroide show that first group (the best junior players) differ significantly from the two others group (tests D48 and F2), but there is no significant difference between second and third groups.

 Abstract
The subject of this research were leadership styles of basketball teams of the first B male league. The transfersal research of experimental character, was applied in the paper, by using empiric and bibliographic model. The data relevant for this paper were collected by the method of questionnaire. We observed the ways in which managers make decisions, control the group, punish or reward individuals. The aim of the research was to use the research results in order to expand scientific knowledge on leadership in sport, as well as to use the result for practical purposes. According to the obtained results it can be noted that greater number of managers are situated in the half that belongs to the democratic manager style, observing the continuum (on one pole the autocratic oriented ones, and on the other pole the democratic oriented managers). On the other dimension the greatest number was divided between person and task oriented managers.

 Abstract
The aim of the research was to determine in which stage are theoretical preparation procedures by interviewing coaches and cadet girl players. The research has been conducted among 196 girl cadets (born in 1991 and after) and 37 coaches from Belgrade clubs and local Belgrade municipality clubs. Appropriate statistic procedures applied (descriptive and comparative analysis) gave the following results: the majority of coaches and players agree that theoretical preparation during training procedures is important for the success; theoretical preparation is to be started with pre-cadet and even at younger age; most of the coaches (70%) use theoretical preparation during the practice, where as training aside the practice is considerably less applied; under the opinion of coaches, great number of girl players accept this training procedure very well and take part in it; the players consider that this procedure could possible be more interesting, but nevertheless, the majority of them does not want anybody else apart from their coaches to conduct the theoretical preparation. General conclusion is that theoretical preparation while training girl volleyball players is satisfactory, but that further development or constant practice during training processes are slowed down by material and technical conditions of clubs as well as coaches' expertise level.

 Abstract
The structure of competitive activities (even on the level of technique) represents the foundation while planning and operationalization of the method of training and teaching on each professional football team. The results of the performed research are obtained on a group sample of subjects from four national team, participants of the World Championship, held in Germany in 2006: Italy, France, Germany and Portugal. The elaboration and discussion of the obtained results included the overall duration of each analyzed match when the ball was in game. The observing protocol (prepared for this research) was used separately for each match and for each player. Based on qualification of technique of football game, an overall of 42 variables were observed, classified in a total of 5 groups of technical elements: ball kicks(15 variables – elements), ball receiving (12 variables – elements), disguising movements and dribblings (11 variables – elements), taking away of the ball (3 variables – elements) and carrying the ball. The results of the research indicated that ball hitting is the dominant technical element of football game (425), as well as that dribblings and disguised movements are rarely implemented (16.5). The kicks with the inside of the foot are far most represented, and the kicks with inside part of the foot ridge and headers are also distinguished. Among headers, it is important to underline the header with the bounce on one leg, since it is applied most. Ball receiving is the second frequent represented technique element and it was used on average 292 times in a match. The most often used is receiving with the inside of the foot of the rolling balls, while the second represented was the receiving of high balls based on amortization with inside part of the foot, as well as chest receiving of the ball. Technical element of taking away of the ball appears most in the form of taking away of the ball with inside part of the foot. The value of the approach to the problems of football game in this way reflects in application of the obtained results immediately in practice.